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Sodium tripolyphosphate is used in detergents to make them effective in hard water. calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus in na5p3o10. assume that all the phosphorus atoms have the same oxidation number.

Respuesta :

transitionstate
Step 1:
           Write molecular Formula,

                                                Na₅P₃O₁₀
Step 2:
          Assign Oxidation number to Na (which is +1) and O (which is -2), and X (unknown) for P.
                                               (+1)₅ + (X)₃ + (-2)₁₀  = 0

Zero means overall charge on molecule is zero (Neutral).

Step 3:
           Now solve for X,
                                               (+5) + (X ÷ 3) + (-20)  =  0

                                                X ÷ 3  =  -5 + 20
                                
                                                X ÷ 3  =  +15

                                                      X  =  +15 ÷ 3

                                                      X  =  +5

Result:
           Oxidation number of P is +5.                                 

Sodium tripolyphosphate is a sodium salt used against hard water. The oxidation number of phosphorus in sodium tripolyphosphate is +5.

What is the oxidation number?

Oxidation number or the state is the representation of the charge posses by the atom or the element after they lose or gain electrons.

The molecular formula of sodium tripolyphosphate is [tex]\rm Na_{5}P_{3}O_{10}.[/tex]

Assigning oxidation numbers to oxygen and sodium in the above formula:

[tex](+1)_{5} +\rm (X)_{3} + (-2)_{10} = 0[/tex]

Solving further for X:

[tex]\begin{aligned} 5 + \rm 3X -20 &= 0\\\\\rm 3X &= 15\\\\\rm X &= 5\end{aligned}[/tex]

Therefore, the oxidation number of phosphorous is +5.

Learn more about oxidation numbers here:

https://brainly.com/question/15207009

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