Respuesta :
The reaction of propylamine with water gives a hydrogen shift from water molecule to amine group of propylamine.
[tex]\boxed{{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{7}}}{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}+{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\to{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{7}}}{\text{NH}}_3^+ + {\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ -}}[/tex]
Further explanation:
Acids and bases can be defined in many ways based on different theories, which are as follows:
- According to Arrhenius theory, acid is defined as the one which produces hydrogen ions in a solution, while the base is defined as the one which produces hydroxide ions in a solution.
- According to Bronsted–Lowry theory, the acid in the reaction donates a proton while a base is one that accepts a proton.
- According to Lewis theory, the acid in the reaction accepts a pair of electrons while a base donates a pair of electrons.
The propylamine contains amine [tex]\left({-{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_2}}\right)[/tex] group. Amine [tex]\left({-{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_2}}\right)[/tex] group is a basic group that can accept a proton from proton donor species because of the lone pair of nitrogen.
The water [tex]\left({{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}}\right)[/tex] molecule has acidic hydrogen and thus water can behave as a proton donor molecule.
The water will release the proton to form [tex]{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^-}[/tex] and propylamine will accept the proton to form [tex]{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{7}}}{\text{NH}}_3^+[/tex] .
The complete reaction of propylamine with water gives a hydrogen shift from water molecule to amine group of propylamine as follows:
[tex]{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{7}}}{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}+{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\to{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{7}}}{\text{NH}}_3^++{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^-}[/tex]
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior school
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Acids and bases
Keywords: Acids, bases, nh2, h2o, bronsted–Lowry theory, proton acceptor, proton donor, propylamine, reaction.
