biological reactions that happen within cells while reducing the complex interactions found in a whole cell. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have been used for creation of these simplified environments[1]. Subcellular fractions can be isolated by ultracentrifugation to provide molecular machinery that can be used in reactions in the absence of many of the other cellular components.
Cell-free biosystems can be prepared by mixing a number of purified enzymes and coenzymes. Cell-free biosystems are proposed as a new low-cost biomanufacturing platform compared to microbial fermentation used for thousands of years. Cell-free biosystems have several advantages suitable in industrial applications
