Federal judges enjoy lifetime tenure primarily to maintain their independence from political and popular pressures. This is crucial for ensuring the impartiality and integrity of the judiciary. By having lifetime appointments, judges are less susceptible to influence from external forces like the executive or legislative branches, special interest groups, or public opinion. This independence allows them to make decisions based on the law and the Constitution rather than on short-term political considerations.
Additionally, lifetime tenure helps to safeguard the system of checks and balances by preventing abrupt changes in the judiciary due to shifts in political power. It also provides stability to the legal system, ensuring consistency in the interpretation and application of laws over time.
In summary:
- D. to maintain their independence from political and popular pressures
- A. to ensure the system of checks and balances
