The correct answer is:
- the birth rate and mortality rate
Population trends are primarily influenced by the birth rate (number of births per 1,000 people in a given year) and the mortality rate (number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given year).
Here's why:
1. Birth Rate: When the birth rate is high, the population tends to increase. More births mean a larger number of individuals being added to the population. This can lead to population growth and demographic changes.
2. Mortality Rate: The mortality rate, on the other hand, affects the population by determining how many individuals are lost due to deaths. A high mortality rate can result in a decrease in population size, while a low mortality rate can contribute to population growth.
Therefore, understanding and analyzing the birth rate and mortality rate are crucial in studying population trends and making projections for the future. These factors play a significant role in shaping the demographics of a population over time.
