Answer: Kathryn ⇒ 35 | Grace ⇒ 7
Step-by-step explanation: Let's use variables to represent the amount of pushups both girls did in gym class.
Let's call the number of pushups Grace does p.
Since we know that Kathryn does 5 times as many pushups as Grace,
we can represent the number of pushups Kathryn does as 5p.
Now we know together they did 42 pushups each,
so we can setup the equation p + 5p = 42.
Simplifying on the left gives us 6p = 42.
Now divide both sides by 6 and we find that p = 7.
This means that Grace did 7 pushups and to find the number that
Kathryn does, we plug 7 back into our expression for Kathryn.
So Kathryn did 5(7) or 35 pushups.
This means that Kathryn did 35 pushups and Grace did 7 pushups
and we can verify that those two amounts add up to 42.