What were the major contributions of the H.M.S. Challenger to the study of oceanography? How did its expedition contribute to future studies of the ocean?

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jasminecaldera50 jasminecaldera50

05-05-2017
Biology

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What were the major contributions of the H.M.S. Challenger to the study of oceanography? How did its expedition contribute to future studies of the ocean?

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Daking23 Daking23 · Answer 1 · 2017-05-09T20:42:57+02:00

The H.M.S. Challenger embarked from Portsmouth, England on December 21, 1872 and changed the course of scientific history. Physicists, chemists, and biologists collaborated with expert navigators to map the sea. This interdisciplinary spirit has continued to the present day. During the 4 year journey, the voyages circumnavigated the globe, sounded the ocean bottom to a depth of 26,850 feet, found many new species, and provided collections for scores of biologists.

The Challenger was a corvette class ship, a military vessel that traveled under sail but had auxiliary steam power, which helped to stabilize the vessel during sampling. Sixteen of the ships 18 guns were removed, and in their place were installed miles of sampling rope and wire, thermometers, water bottles, and bottom samplers.

C. Wyville Thomson led the expedition but died of exhaustion from the journey, which ended on May 24, 1876. The Challenger had zig-zagged around the globe and had visited every continent, including Antarctica.

The reports of the Challenger expedition were supervised by Sir John Murray, whose biological conclusions were of great importance to the later development of marine biology. He concluded, for example, that the deep-sea fauna was not "ancient," in that it did not resemble the faunas found in ancient fossil deposits.

mahima6824soni mahima6824soni · Answer 2 · 2022-02-21T14:38:52+01:00

The major contribution of H.M.S. was collecting data on ocean depths as well as taking samples. It took 19 years for the results to be published in a 50-volume set.

What is H.M.S. Challenger?

HMS Challenger was a steam-assisted Royal Navy Pearl-class corvette that was launched at Woolwich Dockyard on February 13, 1858.

When the Challenger set sail on her 68,890-nautical-mile (127,580-kilometer) mission, she had a complement of 243 officers, scientists, and crew.

Thus, the contribution was collecting data on the ocean's depth and taking samples also.

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