Respuesta :
One example is Non-disjunction leading to trisomies and monosomies.
During meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes separate. For each of the 23 pairs, one chromosome migrates in one gamete and its counterpart in the other. But, it can happen that two homologues remain glued to each other and that they migrate together in the same gamete. It can also happen that at meiosis II, both copies of a chromosome migrate together in the same gamete rather than separate.
Whether the division anomaly occurs at meiosis I or II, a gamete containing two chromosomes and one containing none of this chromosome will be obtained. This is called a case of non-disjunction of chromosomes.
Most often, non-disjunction involves the 23rd pair of chromosomes, those determining sex.
For each phase, one way mistakes during the cell cycle could result in problems are:
- Interphase has two phase:
- G1 phase: If a cell doesn’t have a sufficient amount of proteins or other raw materials for the replication of DNA.
- S phase or synthesis of DNA: Mistake in this phase will leads to the loss of DNA mutations or integrity.
- G2 phase: In this phase error is resolved even in case of unresolved error the cell undergoes division to pass on the error to the daughter cell.
- The second stage of a cell cycle is the mitosis or M phase. Mistake in this phase leads to the development of polyploidy or euploidy.
Further Explanation:
The cell cycle refers to an ordered flow of events which includes cell growth as well as cellular division. This cycle produces 2 new daughter cells. The cycle starts with interphase in this the cell mature and replicates its own DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid. The interphase begins with:
- G1 phase: This is the primary growth phase provide nutrient to the cell. If a cell doesn’t have a sufficient amount of proteins or other raw materials for the replication of DNA.
- S phase or synthesis of DNA: During this phase, the replication of DNA takes place. The centrosome is divide and forms mitotic spindle during the mitosis phase. Mistake in this phase will leads to the loss of DNA mutations or integrity.
- G2 or second gap: during this phase, the cell mainly replenishes its energy stores as well as synthesizes the proteins which are required for the chromosome manipulation. In this phase error is resolved even in case of unresolved error the cell undergoes division to pass on the error to the daughter cell.
The second stage of a cell cycle is the mitosis or M phase. Chromosomal abnormalities can occur during metaphase of meiosis. It would lead to enuploidy or polyploidy, due to unequal division of chromosomes. Mitotic phase refers to a multiphase process in this the chromosomes are aligned, segregated, and moved into the two new daughter cells which are identical to each other.
Learn more:
- Learn more about mitosis https://brainly.com/question/6462270
- Learn more about the menstrual cycle https://brainly.com/question/723944
- Learn more about meiosis https://brainly.com/question/94813
Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cell Cycle
Keywords:
Mitosis, meiosis, cell division, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis, prophase, metaphase, segregation, chromosome.
