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Explanation: Buffer

A buffer is a solution that can resist pH upon the addition of acidic or basic components. it is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution relatively stable. This is important for processes and/or reactions that require specific and stable pH ranges. Buffer solutions have a working pH range and capacity which dictate how much acid/base can be neutralized before pH changes, and the amount by which it will change.

Some examples of well-known buffers include:

Acetic acid with sodium acetate.

Ammonium hydroxide with ammonium chloride.

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