The formaldehyde has the molecular formula HCHO. Two C-H bonds have been present in the structure, while there has been the presence of one C=O bond.
Carbon belongs to group 4A and has been consisted of four valence electrons. In order to complete its octet, carbon gets covalently bonded with the hydrogen of the 1A group consisting of 1 valence electron.
The covalent bond between carbon and hydrogen results in the complete octet of the hydrogen, however, carbon has 2 valence electrons to be bonded to complete the octet.
The oxygen has been belonging to group 6A and has been consisted of 6 valence electrons. In order to complete the octet, oxygen required 2 valence electrons. The carbon bonds with the oxygen with the double bond completing the octet of the oxygen and carbon.
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