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Explanation:
The notation [tex]47^{\circ}4'[/tex] means "47 degrees, 4 minutes". The "minutes" isn't referring to a time value, but instead they are arc minutes. If we divide one degree into 60 equal pieces, then we form 60 arc minute slices. So in a sense, we are using a round analogue clock to help connect the two ideas.
We can convert to purely degrees through using this formula here
[tex]a^{\circ}b' = a + \frac{b}{60}[/tex]
So,
[tex]47^{\circ}4' = 47 + \frac{4}{60} \approx 47.06667^{\circ}[/tex]
and similarly,
[tex]22^{\circ}46' = 22+ \frac{46}{60} \approx 22.76667^{\circ}[/tex]
Now subtract the two results we got
47.06667-22.76667 = 24.3
The angular distance between the two cities is 24.3 degrees. By "angular distance" I basically mean how far you need to rotate your viewing angle when looking from city A to city B. Imagine that you're able to be situated at the center of the earth.
The circumference of the earth is
C = 2*pi*r
C = 2*pi*3960
C = 24,881.4138164311
which is approximate and the units are in miles. We multiply by the fraction 24.3/360 to find the arc distance along the curve that corresponds to the angle 24.3 degrees. This is because we don't want the whole circumference, but just a small fraction of it.
So (24.3/360)*24,881.4138164311 = 1,679.4954326091
This rounds to 1679
The distance between the two cities is about 1679 miles.
9514 1404 393
Answer:
 1679 miles
Step-by-step explanation:
One minute is 1/60 of a degree, so the difference in latitudes is ...
 47 4/60 -22 46/60 = 24 18/60 = 24.3 . . . degrees
The arc length is given by ...
 s = rθ . . . . . . r = radius, θ = angle in radians
180° is π radians, so the surface distance between the two cities is ...
 s = (3960 mi)(24.3×π/180) = 534.6π mi ≈ 1679.495 mi
The distance between City A and City B is about 1679 miles.
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Additional comment
As a good approximation, the distance is about 60 nautical miles per degree of latitude. Using that approximation, and converting from nautical miles to statute miles would give a distance of 1678 miles.
