The trend that can be observed when moving down a column in the periodic table is: B.) The number of valence electrons remains the same.
Diagram of a periodical table showing the arrangement of elements according to their properties is shown in the attachment below.
Recall the following that can be noticed as you go down through the column in the periodic table:
- As we go down the column, for example, the first column, atomic mass increase. Atomic mass of the element down below is more than the atomic mass of the elements above it in the same column.
- Valence electrons for all the elements within a column is the same number found outside their shell which defines the type of chemical bond they can form with another atom.
- The number of orbitals increases as we progress down the column in a periodic table, since number of atomic number also increases down the column.
- Number of bonds an element can formed depends on the number of valence electrons it has. Since all elements within a group (column) are the same, possible number of bonds that elements within a column can form will be the same.
Therefore, we can conclude that the trend that can be observed when moving down a column in the periodic table is: B.) The number of valence electrons remains the same.
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