The type of assessment being carried out by the teacher to find the rationale behind a student's response and how they solved the answer is known as;
Formative Assessment.
To answer this question, I will talk about 3 types of assessments;
1) Diagnostic Assessment; This is basically called pre-assessment and it is a type of assessment used to determine a students prior knowledge of a subject including the students strengths and weaknesses before commencement of the main assessment.
2) Summative Assessment; This is a type of assessment that is usually done at the end of a training or course. In other words, it is the final assessment done.
3) Formative assessment; This is a type of assessment carried out on a student at the middle of a training or course to determine how such a student is performing and to know the rationale behind the students answers up till that point.
Looking at the explanations above, the only assessment that tells us the rationale behind the students response and how they solved the answer is Formative Assessment.
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