Kingsport Containers Company makes a single product that is subject to wide seasonal variations in demand. The company uses a job-order costing system and computes plantwide predetermined overhead rates on a quarterly basis using the number of units to be produced as the allocation base. Its estimated costs, by quarter, for the coming year are given below:QuarterFirst Second Third FourthDirect materials $ 320,000 $ 160,000 $ 80,000 $ 240,000Direct labor 160,000 80,000 40,000 120,000Manufacturing overhead 230,000 206,000 194,000 ?Total manufacturing costs (a) $ 710,000 $ 446,000 $ 314,000 $ ?Number of units to be produced (b) 160,000 80,000 40,000 120,000Estimated unit product cost (a) ÷ (b) $ 4.44 $ 5.58 $ 7.85 $ ?Management finds the variation in quarterly unit product costs to be confusing and difficult to work with. It has been suggested that the problem lies with manufacturing overhead because it is the largest element of total manufacturing cost. Accordingly, you have been asked to find a more appropriate way of assigning manufacturing overhead cost to units of product.Required:1. Assuming the estimated variable manufacturing overhead cost per unit is $0.30, what must be the estimated total fixed manufacturing overhead cost per quarter?2. Assuming the assumptions about cost behavior from the first three quarters hold constant, what is the estimated unit product cost for the fourth quarter?3. What is causing the estimated unit product cost to fluctuate from one quarter to the next?4. Assuming the company computes one predetermined overhead rate for the year rather than computing quarterly overhead rates, calculate the unit product cost for all units produced during the year.

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Answer:

1. Assuming the estimated variable manufacturing overhead cost per unit is $0.30, what must be the estimated total fixed manufacturing overhead cost per quarter?

  • $182,000

2. Assuming the assumptions about cost behavior from the first three quarters hold constant, what is the estimated unit product cost for the fourth quarter?

  • $4.80 per unit

3. What is causing the estimated unit product cost to fluctuate from one quarter to the next?

  • The total number of units produced varies a lot, ranging from 160,000 units during the first quarter to only 40,000 units in the third quarter. Since most manufacturing overhead costs are fixed, total costs during the quarters with a low level of production will be too high.

4. Assuming the company computes one predetermined overhead rate for the year rather than computing quarterly overhead rates, calculate the unit product cost for all units produced during the year.

  • $5.12 per unit

Explanation:

Quarter                           First          Second        Third          Fourth

Direct materials       $320,000     $160,000   $80,000    $240,000

Direct labor                160,000         80,000      40,000       120,000

variable overhead       48,000         24,000      12,000         36,000

fixed overhead          182,000        182,000    182,000        182,000

Man. overhead          230,000      206,000     194,000       216,000

Total costs (a)           $710,000     $446,000    $314,000    $576,000

Number of units         160,000         80,000        40,000    120,000

to be produced (b)

Estimated unit                $4.44            $5.58          $7.85        $4.80

product cost (a) ÷ (b)

total fixed manufacturing overhead = $182,000 x 4 = $728,000 / total number of units produced = $728,000 / 400,000 units = $1.82 per unit

so now the total variable overhead costs = $0.30 + $1.82 = $2.12 per unit

total costs per quarter:

Quarter                           First          Second        Third          Fourth

Direct materials       $320,000     $160,000   $80,000    $240,000

Direct labor                160,000         80,000      40,000       120,000

variable overhead     339,200       169,600       84,800       254,400

Total costs (a)           $819,200     $409,600    $204,800   $614,400

Number of units         160,000         80,000        40,000    120,000

to be produced (b)

Estimated unit                $5.12            $5.12          $5.12        $5.12

product cost (a) ÷ (b)

Seasonal demand refers to the variability in demand that most companies might anticipate because of outside events.

Seasonal demand may provide a number of challenges, and it frequently needs the assistance of experienced managers to help foresee and overcome challenging situations.

The calculations have been attached below.  

1. Assuming a $0.30 per piece adjustable production administrative overhead, the total fixed overhead price for the quarter is $182,000

2. Assuming that the previous three quarterly' pricing projections remain true, the anticipated unit product cost for the fourth quarter is $4.80 per unit.

3. The exact reasons why the estimated unit product cost fluctuates from season to season:

The overall number of units produced fluctuates significantly, ranging from 160,000 in the first quarter to just 40,000 in the third. Because of the preponderance of manufacturing overhead expenditures is fixed, overall costs during a quarter with production losses will be too high.

4. Assuming that the business determines a single plant overhead rate rather than a quarter rate higher, the unit charge of creating for all units produced year-round is $5.12.

To know more about the seasonal variations of the demand, refer to the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/20713725

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