Respuesta :
37.69 % is the percentage yield if 550.0 g of toluene (C7H8 )added to an excess of nitric acid (HNO3) provides 305 g of the p-nitrotoluene (C7H7NO2 ) product in a lab experiment.
Explanation:
Balanced reaction equation:
C7H8 + ___HNO3 ___C7H7NO2 + ___H2O
data given:
mass of toluene C7H8 = 550 grams (limiting reagent)
mass of nitrotoluene obtained = 305 grams (actual yield)
From the reaction 1 mole of toluene react to form 1 mole of nitrotoluene
atomic mass of nitrotoluene is 137.14 grams/mole
mass of nitrotoluene produced is 137.14 grams
Now the number of moles of nitrotoluene taking part in the reaction is given by:
n = [tex]\frac{550}{92.14}[/tex]
= 5.9 moles
hence, form the reaction when 1 mole toluene produced 1 mole of nitrotoluene
5.9 moles will produce 5.9 moles of nitrotoluene
This will give the yield according to the reaction i.e theoretical yield
mass of nitrotoluene = number of moles x atomic mass of toluene
= 5.9 x 137.14
= 809.12 grams of nitrotoluene (theoretical yield)
Actual yield = 305 grams
formula for percent yield:
percent yield = [tex]\frac{actual yield}{theoretical yield}[/tex] x 100
= [tex]\frac{305}{809.12}[/tex] x 100
= 37.69 % is the yield percent.
The percentage yield will be :37.69 %
Balanced reaction equation:
[tex]C_7H_8 + HNO_3 ---- > C_7H_7NO_2 + H_2O[/tex]
What information we have:
Mass of toluene = 550 grams (limiting reagent)
Mass of nitro-toluene obtained = 305 grams (actual yield)
From the reaction 1 mole of toluene react to form 1 mole of nitro-toluene
Molar mass of nitro-toluene = 137.14 grams/mole
Mass of nitro-toluene produced is 137.14 grams
Now the number of moles of nitro-toluene taking part in the reaction is given by:
Number of moles = mass / Molar mass
Number of moles = 550 / 92.14 = 5.9 moles
Hence, form the reaction when 1 mole toluene produced 1 mole of nitro-toluene
5.9 moles will produce 5.9 moles of nitro-toluene
Mass of nitro-toluene = number of moles * atomic mass of toluene
= 5.9 * 137.14
= 809.12 grams of nitro-toluene (theoretical yield)
Actual yield = 305 grams
Percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield * 100
Percent yield =305/ 809.12 x 100
Percent yield = 37.69 %
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