Answer:
B. preference shares
Explanation:
Option A is wrong because equity shares provide a different rate of dividends to a shareholder. Equity shares are known as ordinary shares. Therefore, option C is wrong.
There are no priority shares in the components of stockholders' equity. Hence option D is wrong.
Investment security does not give any dividends. So option E is wrong.
Option B is correct because preference shares give a fixed rate of dividend.