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Answer:
This question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
Functional groups confer specific chemical properties to the molecules of which they are a part. In this activity, you will identify which compounds exhibit certain chemical properties as well as examples of those six different compounds.
(a) alcohol: is highly polar and may act as a weak acid (OH)
(b) carboxylic acid: acts as an acid (COOH)
(c) aldehyde: may be a structural isomer of a ketone (C=O)
(d) thiol: forms disulfide bonds (S-H)
(e) amine: acts as a base (NH2)
(f) organic phosphate: contributes negative charge (PO4)
Explanation:
Functional groups are groups of atoms attached to the carbon skeleton of an organic compounds and confers some particular properties. For example:
(a) alcohol: is highly polar and may act as a weak acid (OH)
. In this functional group, oxygen is very electronegative and tend to attract electrons. Water is attracted to this group and because of this, compounds that have OH group will disolve in water. Organic compounds with this functional group are alcohols and carbohydrates for example.
(b) carboxylic acid: acts as an acid (COOH)
. The two electronegative oxygens of this group keep electrons attached to them and do not share them with tha Hydrogen atom. Because of this, the hydrogen atom can dissociates from the molecule, giving an acid.
(c) aldehyde: may be a structural isomer of a ketone (C=O)
. As in the case of -OH group, oxygen of this group is very electronegative. When the group is presents at the end of the carbon skeleton we cal it aldehyde, while when it is in another part of carbon structure we call it ketone.
(d) thiol: forms disulfide bonds (S-H)
. When two thiol groups (S-H) are oxidazed, losting their hydrogen atoms, they form disulfide bonds that gives stability to the molecules that contains them. An example of this is found in proteins when two aminoacids with thiol groups (cysteine, for example) interact and form disulfide bonds that stabilizes the protein.
(e) amine: acts as a base (NH2)
. The nitrogen atom of this groups is slightly electronegative so it tends to pick up hydrogen ions from the surroundings given rise to a base. This group i typicall of aminoacids (glycine, for example)
(f) organic phosphate: contributes negative charge (PO4). In this group, phosphorus easily changes its oxydation state, thus, giving rise to a compound with electronegative oxygens. An important biological molecule that contains this group is ATP
