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Keystone species are the species present in a particular ecosystem that plays an important role as it directly influences the diversity of a community. It does not get affected by the abundance or the numbers of the community. Without the keystone species, ecosystems could not be able to exist altogether or change dramatically.

An indicator species is a species whose number or absence or presence reflects or indicates a specific environmental condition. It can help in determining a change in the biological condition of a particular ecosystem.

Loss of a keystone species or indicator species help in indications for some type of environmental condition, however, the loss of the indicator species takes place due to some change whereas the keystone species is itself affects the particular ecosystem.

A keystone species is a species that define an ecosystem, whereas an indicator species is a species whose abundance is indicative of specific environmental conditions. In some environments, the loss of a keystone species may have the same effects as the loss of an indicator species.

  • A good example of a keynote species is hummingbirds, which are fundamental for the health of the entire ecosystem by pollinating different species of plants.

  • Moreover, often insects represent indicators that can be used to determine the soil quality and level of air contamination.

  • In many environments, indicator species are also keynote species that help to maintain the ecological balance in the ecosystem, thereby in their absence, the entire ecosystem would be dramatically different.

In conclusion, in some environments, the loss of a keystone species may have the same effects as the loss of an indicator species.

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