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Photosynthesis is the process in which the energy of light is converted into chemical energy in the form of sugars. In a process driven by the energy of light, glucose molecules (and other sugars) are created from water and carbon dioxide, while oxygen is released as a byproduct. Glucose molecules provide organisms with two crucial resources: energy and fixed (organic) carbon.
Energy. Glucose molecules serve as fuel for cells: their chemical energy can be obtained through processes such as cellular respiration and fermentation (Opens in a new window), which generates adenosine triphosphate - \ text {ATP} ATPstart text, A , T, P, end text, a small energy carrier molecule — for the immediate energy needs of the cell.
Fixed Carbon When carbon from carbon dioxide - inorganic carbon - is incorporated into organic molecules, this process is called carbon fixation, while carbon from organic molecules is known as fixed carbon. Carbon that is fixed and has been incorporated into sugars during photosynthesis can be used to create other types of organic molecules that cells need.
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