A dog learns that if she sits, her owner will give her a treat. The dog likes treats, so she will repeat the sitting behavior often in order to get a treat. This example best illustrates: respondent behavior. spontaneous recovery. observational learning. operant conditioning. 2. The process of learning associations between a stimulus and a response is called: spontaneous recovery. observational learning. associative learning. acquisition. 3. In his experiments, Pavlov found that spontaneous recovery often occurred after a conditioned response was extinguished if: the tone was sounded again and again while presenting food to the dogs. the neutral stimulus (NS) was presented before the conditioned response (CR). after a few hours without the food (US), the tone (CS) was presented again. the tone was sounded again and again without presenting food to the dogs. 4. Carolyn is busy with project work that she brought home. Her son wants her to set up a movie for him. Carolyn tells him to wait for 10 minutes, but he whines and complains so much that Carolyn decides to just go ahead with it. Her son's whining best illustrates: respondent behavior. conditioned (secondary) reinforcement. negative reinforcement. shaping behavior.

Operant conditioning is learning process where the behaviors are associated with rewards or punishment. It works on the premise that an individual is likely to do a certain act or behavior if it results in a reward; and an individual is less likely to do the behavior, if it results in punishment.

Associative learning theory states that behavior of an individual can be changed or learned based on stimulus and response. In simpler terms, we learn through experience. When a behavior is associated with a negative response, then individuals will avoid that behavior. If it is associated with a positive response, then individuals would do the behavior to elicit that same response. Learning is achieved when we do not need a stimulus like a reward or punishment to do or not do the behavior.

Spontaneous recovery is an event where after a rest period from the stimulus, the conditioned response will re-emerge. For example with the dog and the bell. After not associating the sound of the bell with food, the dog does not salivate anymore. But after sometime, when the bell is suddenly rang, the dog would start to salivate again. This shows that even if something is extinguished, it doesn't mean that it is unlearned.

Negative reinforcement can also be a stimulus to do an action. If with positive reinforcement, yougive a reward for a behavior that is done. You can also punish to make the individual do the behavior. In the case of your quesiton, the whining behavior of the son is a form of negative reinforcement. This is because the mother was force to do what the sun wanted because she could not take the complaining and whining. So it served as a stimulus to do the behavior.