Explanation :
Lewis-dot structure : It shows the bonding between the atoms of a molecule and it also shows the unpaired electrons present in the molecule.
The given molecule is, [tex]HCCl_3[/tex]
Carbon has '4' valence electrons, hydrogen has '1' valence electron and chlorine has '7' valence electrons.
Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in [tex]HCCl_3[/tex] = 1(1) + 1(4) + 3(7) = 26
According to electron-dot structure, there are 8 number of bonding electrons and 18 number of non-bonding electrons.
The electron-dot structure of [tex]HCCl_3[/tex] is shown below.
Now we have to calculate the formal charges on carbon, hydrogen and chlorine.
Formula for formal charge :
[tex]\text{Formal charge}=\text{Valence electrons}-\text{Non-bonding electrons}-\frac{\text{Bonding electrons}}{2}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Formal charge on carbon}=4-0-\frac{8}{2}=0[/tex]
[tex]\text{Formal charge on hydrogen}=1-0-\frac{2}{2}=0[/tex]
[tex]\text{Formal charge on chlorine}=7-0-\frac{2}{2}=0[/tex]
