Correct answer is: European Monarchs increased their power in the early modern era by limiting the power of nobility and building centralized governments. The common characteristics and achievements of the new monarchs (which is a concept developed by 20th century historians to characterize 15th-century European rulers) were fostering and encouraging trade, weakening and limiting the power of the aristocracy and limiting the power of the church, as well as enforcing religious unity, among others,
