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Pennies today are copper-covered zinc, but older pennies are 3.1 g of solid copper. What is the total positive charge in a solid copper penny that is electrically neutral?

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Cricetus

The total positive charge on a copper penny is 1.36×10⁵C.

One gram molecular weight of an element contains Avogadro number of independent entities. The atomic weight of Copper is 63.546.

Therefore 63.546 g of Copper contains 6.023×10²³atoms of copper.Calculate the number of atoms N in 3.1 g of copper in the penny.

[tex]N=\frac{(6.023*10^2^3)(3.1g)}{63.546g} =2.938*10^2^2atoms[/tex]

The atomic number Z of copper is 29. Atomic number is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus of the atom. Thus, a copper atom has 29 protons. Each proton has a charge e equal to 1.6×10⁻¹⁹C.

Therefore the total charge Q on the penny is given by,

[tex]Q=NZe[/tex]

Substitute 2.938×10²²for N, 29 for Z and 1.6×10⁻¹⁹C for e.

[tex]Q=NZe=(29)(2.938*10^2^2)(1.6*10^-^1^9C)=1.36*10^5C[/tex]

The total positive charge on a copper penny is 1.36×10⁵C.


ardni313

The total positive charge in a solid copper penny : 1.4148 . 10⁵ C

Further explanation

Atoms are composed of 3 types of basic particles namely protons, electrons, and neutrons

the mass of this basic particle is expressed in units of atomic mass

This atomic unit uses the standard atomic mass, that is, the C-12 isotope

1 atom C-12 = 12 atomic mass units

1 atomic mass unit = 1/12 x mass 1 C-12 atom

1 unit of atomic mass = 1.66.10⁻²⁴

the mass of each basic particle in atomic mass units is:

electron mass = 9.11.10⁻²⁸

proton mass = 1.6726.10⁻²⁴

neutron mass = 1,675.10⁻²⁴

The proton mass is considered to be equal to 1 atomic mass unit and a neutron which is also considered to be equal to 1 atomic mass unit

1 unit of atomic mass = 1.6726.10⁻²⁴

The charge of 1 proton is equal to a charge of 1 electron but has a different sign

The proton is positively charged (+1), the electron is negatively charged (-1). and neutrons not charged (neutral)

For a charge of 1 electron = e = 1.66.10⁻¹⁹ coulomb

Whereas the neutron charge = 0

The Atomic Number (Z) indicates the number of protons in an atom of an element. If the atom is neutral then the number of protons will be equal to the number of electrons. So the atomic number can also indicate the number of electrons.

There is 3.1 g of solid copper, so the moles are :

moles = mass : atomic mass of copper

moles = 3.1 g : 63.5

moles = 0.04882

1 mole = 6.02.10²³ particles(atoms, molecules, ions) so

Total particles for a solid copper penny = 0.04882 x  6.02.10²³ = 2.939.10²²

Because The Atomic Number (Z) of copper = 29, so number of proton = 29

Total proton = 29 x 2.939.10²² = 8.5231 . 10 ²³

For a charge of 1 proton = p = 1.66.10⁻¹⁹ coulomb , then :

Total positive charge = 8.5231 . 10 ²³ x 1.66.10⁻¹⁹ = 1.4148 . 10⁵ C

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Keywords:  copper-covered zinc,the total positive charge

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