a. Solve for t the way you do any "solve for" problem: undo the operations that are done to the variable of interest. The inverse operation for the cosine function is the arccosine function.
[tex]h=7\cos{\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}t\right)}\\\\ \dfrac{h}{7}=\cos{\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}t\right)}\\\\ \arccos{\left(\dfrac{h}{7}\right)}=\dfrac{\pi}{3}t\\\\ t=\dfrac{3}{\pi}\arccos{\left(\dfrac{h}{7}\right)}[/tex]
b.
For h=1 cm, t ≈ (3/π)arccos(1/7) ≈ 1.36 seconds
For h=3 cm, t ≈ (3/π)arccos(3/7) ≈ 1.08 seconds
For h=5 cm, t≈ (3/π)arccos(5/7) ≈ 0.74 seconds
c. The period of the oscillation can be found by setting (π/3)t = 2π and solving for t. That value is t=6. Due to the symmetry of the cosine function, the times of interest for this part will be 1 1/2 periods less the times found in part b.
For h=-1 cm, t = (1.5×6) - 1.36 = 7.64 seconds
For h=-3 cm, t = 9 - 1.08 = 7.92 seconds
For h=-5 cm, t = 9 - 0.74 = 8.26 seconds
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Note that when you use your calculator to find the arccos( ) values, it must be in radians mode, not degrees mode.
