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Boric acid - API analysis
Boric acid is known to have antifungal and antimicrobial properties and therefore has a clinical use. Typical pharmaceutical analysis of boric acid as an API includes its reaction with a known amount of mannitol and subsequent titration of unreacted mannitol.
(a) Research the chemical structure of mannitol including its stereochemistry.
(b) Describe the reaction of boric acid and mannitol, including relevant chemical equations.
(c) For the analysis of boric acid as an API, 1.0 g of the acid is typically dissolved in 100 ml of water, and 15.0 g of mannitol is added. The solution is then titrated with 1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution using phenolphthalein as indicator.
Calculate the volume of NaOH needed in this titration if the API has a purity of 99%.
(d) Research the typically accepted error margins for the purity of boric acid as an API.

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