A 35-year-old man presents by EMS after MVA that occurred 24 hours ago. He was found lying by the road by a local citizen after the MVA. Emergency department evaluation shows a fractured pelvis, acute kidney injury, and bilateral hydronephrosis near the upper ureters. His kidneys are of normal size with normal cortical thickness. He was previously well, and his only medications were multivitamins. He has not yet voided, and he notes decreased urine output after his accident.
What will most likely assist in urine flow and resolution of this acute kidney injury?
a. Insertion of a urinary catheter to relieve urinary retention and decompress the kidneys
b. Administration of IV fluids and diuretics to increase urine output and improve kidney function
c. Surgical intervention to address the pelvic fracture and eliminate potential obstruction of the ureters
d. Close monitoring and management of any potential complications, such as infection or sepsis, that may arise from the acute kidney injury