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This phylogenetic tree shows the relationships among different species of garter snakes. The colored banches show which snakes have TTX-resistant sodium channels. Different colors represent different amino acid sequences in the sodium channels. Is TTX-resistance in garter snakes an example of homology (shared ancestry) or homoplasy (convergent evolution)?Homoplasy, because TTX-resistant sodium channels arose independently in different snakes. Homology, because the sequences of the TTX-resistant sodium channels are the same. Homology, because the common ancestor of the TTX-resistant snakes had sodium channels. Homoplasy, because TTX-resistant sodium channels arose only once.

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