In a study conducted at Washington University, 24 young adults were presented with recordings of 100 pairs of people, each pair consisting of individuals of the same sex saying the same phrase. The participants were asked to determine which speaker in each pair was taller based solely on the sound of their voice. The results, showing the number of correct guesses out of 100 for each participant, are as follows: 65, 61, 67, 59, 58, 62, 56, 67, 61, 67, 63, 53, 68, 49, 66, 58, 69, 70, 65, 56, 68, 56, 58, 70
The researchers hypothesized that listeners might be able to discern the taller speaker by
detecting subglottal resonances — a type of sound produced in the lower airways or lungs,
which tends to have a lower frequency in taller individuals. Despite the potential masking of
these resonances by other voice sounds, the study aims to investigate if listeners can still use
this information to identify the taller person.
(a) (2 points) Describe the distribution (shape - skewness, center - median, and spread -
range) of the number of correct guesses.
(b) (2 points) Based on the data, do you think listeners can identify the taller person by
voice? Justify your answer.
(c) (5 points) Provide the 5-number summary for the number of correct guesses.
(d) (1 point) Are there outliers in the data?
(e) (6 points) Construct a boxplot of the data