The Texas police officer has jurisdiction in all but one circumstance below. In which does the officer not have jurisdiction to investigate and issue a traffic citation if warranted?

a. the violator is operating a motor vehicle in a reckless manner in a parking lot for which a fee is paid for parking motor vehicles.
b. the operator is involved in a collision on a privately owned access way provided by a business establishment for the convenience of customers.
c. an operator fails to stop for a stop sign when exiting a privately owned business onto a state highway
d. the violator is operating a motor vehicle registered in Texas on a city street while displaying an expired MVI
e. none of the above