A 40-year-old female is admitted with a 3-day history of diarrhea and fever. She is placed in Contact Isolation for a suspected Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The patient also reports that she has had increasing abdominal pain for the past year, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is in the list of potential diagnoses. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the relationship between IBD and CDI?

a. IBD is associated with increased morbidity and mortality associated with CDI
b. Most patients with IBD acquire CDI in inpatient settings
c. CDI generally develops more slowly after hospital admission among patients with IBD compared with patients without IBD
d. IBD does not affect the risk of CDI from antibiotic exposure