Smith Commercial Lighting, Inc., which sells lighting for factories and businesses has entered an alliance with Revelation Lighting, Inc., a retailer of home decor lighting in order to expand into the trend of using industrial-type lighting in non-traditional style homes. Smith has invested 40% and Revelation has invested 60% into the new operation. This is an example of a(an)
a.joint venture.
b.nonequity alliance.
c.horizontal complementary strategic alliance.
d.vertical complementary strategic alliance.