am 80 year old hindu immigrant from India has a 1 year history of sore hips and knees and takes a naturopathic remedy along with daily aspirin per day. the patients condition deteriorates rapidly. the practical nurse identifies which of the following signs of impending hypovolemia shock?

a. cool pale extremities and capillary refill of 5 seconds
b. heart rate of 60 and BP of 118/66
c. warm flushed skin and a temp of 38.8
d. anxiety and complaints of chills