For the following pairs of (x, y) observations (-1, -3), (1, 2), (4, 6), (9, 8), (12, 11) we are interested in fitting the population regression model. Determine the value of the test statistic and the associated p-value.
(a) (t = 2.13, p = 0.07)
(b) (t = 1.89, p = 0.09)
(c) (t = 2.45, p = 0.04)
(d) (t = 1.62, p = 0.12)