Strong acids and bases completely dissociate in water. Use the table in the introduction to classify the following chemical compounds as strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, and weak bases. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help NH3 Ca(OH)2 HS CaCO3 HI NaOH HC104 H3PO4 Strong acids Weak acids Strong bases Weak bases Conjugate acids and bases According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, whenever an acid donates one H+ ion, the acid is converted into a base. On the other hand, a base accepts one H+ ion to form an acid. An acid and a base that differ only by one + ion are called a conjugate acid-base pair. For example, the acid HF loses one H+, its conjugate base, F-, is formed. When the base H,0 gains an H+, its conjugate acid, H30+, is formed. Ht loss Conjugate base Acid HF(aq) + H2O(1) F (aq) + Hz0+ (aq) Conjugate acid Base H gain There is an inverse relationship between acid strength and the base strength. Strong acids have a weak conjugate base, and strong bases have a weak conjugate acid. However, a weak acid or base will not necessarily have a strong conjugate base or acid. The relative strengths of these weak species will vary. Part B Identify acid, base, conjugate acid, conjugate base, and the relative strengths of the species involved in the reactions. Use the labels on the left to label the equations on the right. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Conjugate base Acid Conjugate acid Species Group 1 Group 1 Group 1 Group 1 НСІ + NH NH, + CI Base Strength Group 2 Group 2 Group 2 Group 2 Strong Weak Submit The direction of proton, H, transfer in a chemical reaction By determining the relative strengths of acids and their conjugate bases from the table given in the introduction, the direction of proton, H+, transfer in a chemical reaction can be predicted. An acid-base + transfer equilibrium always favors the reaction of a stronger acid with a stronger base to form a weak acid and a weak base. That is, if the acid in the reactant is stronger than the products, then the forward reaction is favored. H-A+H20 4,0* + A If this is a strong acid because it gives up a proton readily If this is a weak base because it has little affinity for a proton If the acid in the product is stronger than the reactant, the reverse reaction is favored. H-A+H,0___-420* + A If this is a weak acid because it gives up a proton with difficulty If this is a strong base because it has a high affinity for a proton Equilibrium is attained when a balance is established between the products and the reactants. Part C Use the table in the introduction to compare the strength of the acid and conjugate acid. Based on this information, classify the chemical reactions into those that favor reactants or products at equilibrium. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help HCN (1) + H2O(1) - CN-(aq) + H3O+ (aq) HCI(1) + OH-(aq) = H2O(1) + Cl(aq) HCl(l) + H2O(1) = H30+(aq) + CI+ (aq) CH2COOH(aq) + H2O(1) = CH3C00-(aq) +H30+(aq) Forward reaction favored Reverse reaction favored