Congress passed a law allowing states to impose certain excise taxes on cigarettes, which result in higher prices for consumers in those states than in others. Congress was motivated to do this because of evidence that higher prices result in fewer smokers, and they wished to reduce the number of smokers and promote good health by encouraging states to increase cigarette costs through taxation. This sort of incentive is an example of:
a) A permissible exercise of federal regulatory power.
b) Shared regulation of an activity in interstate commerce between state and federal governments
c) Two of the other answer choices are correct.
d) Congress exceeding its Constitutional authority.